My Son Sanctuary in Central Vietnam is an archaeological site that provides a fascinating insight into the cultural legacy of the Cham civilization. Nestled amidst verdant foliage, this collection of ancient temples dates back to the 4th to 13th centuries. In this article, we will embark on a journey of discovery as we delve into the history, architecture, and tourist attractions of this remarkable site.
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1. Origins of the Cham Civilization at My Son Sanctuary
My Son Sanctuary stands as a testament to the rich cultural heritage of the Cham civilization, which thrived from the 2nd to 7th centuries. The Cham, who was of Malay-Polynesian descent, established a powerful kingdom in the Vietnam and Cambodia regions, with the capital centered around the area of My Son Sanctuary.
The My Son Sanctuary is a fascinating and important site that offers a glimpse into the rich history and culture of the Champa civilization
The Cham people chose the strategic location of My Son Sanctuary due to its high geological basin, surrounded by a mountain ring, which provided the source for the sacred Thu Bon River. The river flows through the monuments, out of the basin, and through the historical center of the Kingdom of Champa, before emptying into the East Sea at the mouth of the river near the ancient port of Hoi An.
The complex of My Son holy land boasts over 70 temples and towers, each with unique architecture that symbolises a different historical period of the Champa kingdom. The complex was built for the purpose of worshipping the god Shiva.
The My Son Sanctuary complex is a remarkable site featuring more than 70 temples and towers
Sadly, the area was deserted due to the invasion of the Ancient Kingdom – Dai Viet. It wasn't until 1898 that a group of French explorers visited Vietnam and conducted archaeological excavations in this place. Today, only 32 towers remain, with 20 of them still intact as the original.
Despite its decline, the Cham civilization left behind advanced architecture and sophisticated art, making My Son Sanctuary a relic site imbued with artistic and cultural values that crystallize wisdom and quintessence over many generations.
2. My Son Sanctuary Architecture and Design
The My Son Sanctuary's architecture is heavily influenced by Hinduism. It is carefully calculated and imbued with the culture of the inhabitants who once lived there.
The architecture of the My Son Sanctuary is heavily influenced by Hinduism, carefully calculated and imbued with the rich culture of its inhabitants
The temples and towers boast various architectural designs that symbolize the greatness and purity of Mount Meru, the sacred mountain in myth. This mountain is likened to the home of the Hindu gods at the center of the universe. The structures are built of fired bricks with stone pillars and decorated with sandstone reliefs depicting scenes from Hindu mythology. Each temple or tower is dedicated to a god or another dynasty, making each work a puzzle piece that recreates the historical flow of the Kingdom of Champa. Additionally, they mainly face the East - the direction of the rising sun and the abode of the gods.
My Son temples and towers mainly face the East - the direction of the rising sun and the abode of the gods
The technological sophistication of the structures is proof of the technical skill of the Cham people, while the intricate images and symbols of the temples and towers provide insight into the content and development of thought, religion, and politics of the Cham people.
The relic is divided into three main areas:
- Zone A, where visitors can see the entire temple complex
- Zone B, which houses one main tower and three auxiliary towers and is located on the hill west of the complex
- Zone C, located on the southern hill, which concentrates many temples, towers, inscriptions, reliefs, and sculptures of the My Son Sanctuary
3. Cultural Significance of My Son Sanctuary
3.1. The Champa civilization and their beliefs
The My Son temples hold a significant place in the religious practices of the Cham people. These temples are believed to serve as a bridge between the human world and the realm of the gods. The Cham conducted intricate rituals to seek divine blessings and protection within the walls of these sacred structures.
These sculptures are a remarkable display of the artistic and architectural prowess of the Chams
The intricate sculptures found within the My Son temples provide evidence of the Cham's devotion to their beliefs. The rock carvings depict scenes from Hindu mythology, celestial bodies, and life. The Cham artisans have skillfully captured the essence of their culture, leaving behind a beautiful artistic legacy that continues to captivate visitors.
The My Son temples are a testament to the Cham's rich cultural heritage and their unwavering faith in the divine. These structures serve as a reminder of the importance of preserving our cultural and religious traditions for future generations to appreciate and cherish.
3.2. Recognitions for My Son Sanctuary
My Son Sanctuary was granted the prestigious title of a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1999. This recognition was bestowed upon the site due to its exceptional architectural structures that reflect the rich cultural heritage of the Cham community, as well as the profound spiritual significance that it holds.
In 1999, UNESCO bestowed the esteemed designation of World Heritage Site upon My Son Sanctuary
In addition to this, the renowned Lonely Planet magazine has also recognized the magnificence of My Son Sanctuary by including it in their list of the "15 best things to do in Vietnam". The magazine describes this place as the stunning complex of red brick temples and towers located near Hoi An, which provides a glimpse into the architectural marvels of the Champa civilization that have been preserved in the form of ancient monuments.
These accolades, both from within Vietnam and around the world, have played a crucial role in raising awareness about the importance of preserving this invaluable historical treasure for future generations. It is our responsibility to ensure that this site remains intact so that it can continue to inspire and educate people about the rich cultural heritage of the Cham community and the architectural wonders of the Champa civilization.
3.3. Restoration efforts
During the War, bombings inflicted significant damage upon several temples, resulting in an urgent need for restoration and conservation efforts. Besides the devastation of war, the My Son Sanctuary also has suffered from the ravages of nature and time.
To safeguard this cultural treasure, Vietnamese and international organizations have undertaken large-scale restoration works. This delicate process involves meticulous research, architectural analysis, and the use of traditional materials and techniques. Ongoing conservation efforts are focused on preserving the site's authenticity while ensuring its long-term sustainability.
The My Son sanctuary is a testament to the resilience of Vietnam's cultural heritage. Despite its challenges, this ancient site continues to inspire awe and wonder in visitors from around the world.
4. Visiting My Son Sanctuary
4.1. My Son Sanctuary location and opening hours
Located in the Duy Phu commune of the Duy Xuyen district in Quang Nam province, My Son Sanctuary is a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Vietnam.
Situated 40 km southwest of Hoi An and 69 km from Da Nang, visitors can easily access the site by road from either location. And transportation options include taxis, buses, and even motorbike rentals.
My Son Sanctuary is easily accessible by road from Hoi An and Da Nang
The My Son Sanctuary opening hours are from 6:30 AM to 5:30 PM daily, including holidays and New Year's Eve. With a vast area of 1,158 hectares, exploring all the highlights here can take hours. Therefore, it's best to arrive early to make the most of your visit.
The entrance fee to My Son Sanctuary is 150,000 VND (US$6.43) per person, which includes the cost of entering the sanctuary and the Champa Museum, a 2km electric cart.
4.2. Cultural performances and events at My Son Sanctuary
My Son Sanctuary is a hub of cultural activities that showcase the rich heritage of the Cham people. Among these activities, the Katê Festival and the Apsara dance are two that stand out.
The Katê Festival is a grand celebration of Cham culture that takes place amidst the stunning architecture of My Son Sanctuary. Visitors can witness a range of cultural activities, including prayers for peace, water processions, and palanquin processions. They can also enjoy performances of traditional ethnic musical instruments, providing them with a unique opportunity to learn and immerse themselves in the lives of the indigenous people.
The Katê Festival is a magnificent celebration of Cham culture that occurs within the breathtaking architecture of My Son Sanctuary
This festival is held every July (according to the Cham calendar) and is a significant traditional activity for the Cham people, who use it to remember their roots and pray for the prosperity of mundane things.
Another must-see activity at My Son Sanctuary is the Apsara dance. This dance represents the soul and vitality of the Cham people. Inspired by ancient Apsara stone sculptures, it is accompanied by unique music from Paranung drums and Saranai trumpets.
Watching the Apsara dance is an unforgettable experience that will leave visitors in awe of the Cham people's rich cultural heritage
Cham women dance with flexible and skillful gestures, showcasing their beautiful curves. “It’s the soul of the stone" as they always talk.
4.3. Practical tips for visitors to visit My Son Sanctuary
My Son Sanctuary is a sacred place in Vietnam, a tropical country with unique weather characteristics. Before visiting this historical site, it is important to understand the rules and customs that are in place. Here are some practical tips to help you make the most of your visit:
First and foremost, it is crucial to respect the sacredness of My Son Sanctuary. This site holds great significance for the Cham people, and it would be disrespectful to act rudely or disregard their customs. If you are unsure about what is appropriate, consider hiring a private tour guide who can help you navigate the norms.
If you are unsure about what is appropriate in My Son Sanctuary, consider hiring a private tour guide
The hot sun with high UV rays and soaring temperatures can be a challenge for visitors. To avoid sunburn and skin damage, be sure to apply sunscreen before heading out. Additionally, arriving at the right time can make a big difference. The best time to visit My Son sanctuary is early in the morningwhen the gates open, however, this is also a popular time for tourists. You may want to consider visiting in the afternoon when the crowds have thinned out.
Visitors may find it challenging to cope with the scorching sun, which emits high levels of UV rays and causes temperatures to soar
While many Vietnamese people prefer to wear closed clothing to block the sun, it is important to prioritize comfort during your visit. Wear comfortable shoes and appropriate clothing that will allow you to fully explore and experience the site.
Finally, it is crucial to be aware of the potential dangers that still exist in the area. Due to the war, there are still landmines hidden beneath the surface. To stay safe, stick to designated trails and avoid wandering off the beaten path.
5. FAQs
Q: What is My Son Sanctuary?
My Son Sanctuary is a collection of temples near Hoi An in Vietnam. It was constructed by the Champa people and is now open for visitors to explore.
Q: Is My Son Sanctuary a World Heritage Site?
Yes, My Son Sanctuary has been recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. It is considered the best-preserved monument of the Champa people, showcasing their unique culture influenced by Indian religious values, particularly the worship of Krishna, Vishnu, and Shiva.
My Son Sanctuary has been recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO
Q: Is it worth visiting My Son Sanctuary?
Absolutely! Visiting My Son Sanctuary offers a captivating glimpse into the vibrant culture that thrives in this region of Vietnam. The temples are well-preserved, providing a remarkable experience that cannot be found elsewhere in the country.
Q: Where is My Son Sanctuary located?
My Son Sanctuary is situated in Duy Phu commune, Duy Xuyen district, Quang Nam province. It is located 40 km southwest of Hoi An and 69 km from Da Nang.
Q: What are the operating hours of My Son Sanctuary?
My Son Sanctuary is open every day from 6:30 AM. to 5:30 PM, including holidays and New Year's Eve.
Q: Is there a My Son Sanctuary entrance fee?
Yes, there is an entrance fee of 150,000 VND (US$6.43) per person to access My Son Sanctuary. This fee covers entry to the sanctuary as well as the Champa Museum.
Conclusion
The My Son Sanctuary is a remarkable testament to the architectural, cultural, and religious heritage of the Cham civilization. This UNESCO World Heritage Site boasts ancient temples, intricate carvings, and a captivating atmosphere that transports visitors to a bygone era. With the detailed information and travel tips provided, you can plan a complete and meaningful journey to the My Son Sanctuary. If you have any further questions, feel free to leave a comment below or email us at [email protected] for instant assistance.
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02 Comments
Mauritius
Hi how long does it take for a My Son tour. We will be stay in Hoi An town.
Vietnam
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